Case Law

We provide summaries and analysis of important landmark legal decisions from the LVT, First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber) and Higher Courts affecting the residential leasehold property sector. It is a valuable resource for anyone involved in this industry.
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Norwich City Council v Marshall














The respondent was a leaseholder of the appellant city council, having purchased his flat under the Right to Buy provisions. He challenged a management charge of £40 per annum which the appellant levied across its leasehold properties. Before the LVT he had been successful and the LVT had accepted that the lese, as drafted, was not sufficiently clear so as to confer a right to the £40 charge. In particular, it relied upon the well known passage from Gilje v Charlesgrove


in which Laws LJ held that “The landlord seeks to recover money from the tenant. On ordinary principles there must be clear terms in the contractual provisions said to entitle him to do so. The lease moreover was drafted, or proffered, by the landlord. It falls to be construed contra proferentem.”







The appellant appealed to the Lands Tribunal and contended that this was too restrictive an approach. Management costs did not fall to be considered in quite the same manner. Reliance was placed on London Borough of Brent v Hamilton






and Wembley National Stadium Ltd v Wembley London Ltd






as authority for the proposition that, if a lease specifies certain types of service are to be provided, it must include a power to recover management fees relating to the same. The Lands Tribunal agreed and allowed the appeal.




Earl Cadogan and other v Pitts and another; Earl Cadogan and another v Sportelli and another

(a) a sum representing the ground rent lost by the freeholder as a result of enfranchisement; (b) the “marriage value” which is - in effect - the additional value of the property to the leaseholder as opposed to any other person who might purchase the freehold; (c) the “hope value” which is the value of the property to a notional third party purchaser and which might include the prospect of selling the freehold to the tenant at a later date and for an enhanced price. It is particularly relevant in cases w

Grosvenor Estates Ltd v Prospect Estates Ltd

This case concerned the scope of the Leasehold Reform Act 1967. The property in question was originally constructed as a house in c.1850. The only major structural works since that date were the addition of a third and fourth floor. Since 1965 the top floor was used as residential accommodation, with the remaining 88.5% of the property used as office space, under short term sub-leases.

Make me an honest offer ‘ Cadogan v Morris reconsidered

A key issue for tenants serving notice on their landlords to purchase their freehold or extend their lease under the provisions of the 1993 Act will always be the offer figure put forward in their initial notice. ‘If the offer figure is too low, the claim will be invalid’ is the conventional wisdom. But is this quite correct? Mark Chick considers the landmark ruling…

LVT case of the month - Challenging service charges: Swanlane Estates Ltd v Woods and others

Swanlane Estates Ltd v Woods and others News on the Block is pleased welcome back Justin Bates and the LVT case of the month feature, in which he provides expert analysis on the LVT’s most significant ruling over the previous few weeks. To read more of Justin’s expert commentary, please visit www.lvtbulletin.com.

King and others v Udlaw

The LVT had found that it lacked jurisdiction to deal with the matter. The bungalows were not “dwellings” as required by s.18 Landlord and Tenant Act 1985. The applicans appealed to the Lands Tribunal. The appeal was dismissed. The bungalows were not occupied as “dwellings”. A dwelling implied that it was occupied as a home. These properties were expressly restricted to holiday accommodation. Analysis This is not a surprising decision. In the field of landlord and tenant law it is long settled that a “dwe

Auger and others v London Borough of Camden

The “Partnering Agreement” was said to be an agreement with one or more (as yet unidentified) contractors for the delivery of capital works over a period of years. The effect is to agree unit costs for works, subject to inflation. It appeared that contractors would be guaranteed a minimum level of work. The “Framework Agreement” would deal with works not covered by the Partnering Agreement, including minor repair works and emergency works. There would be no guarantee of work to any particular contractor.

The Housing (Right to Buy)(Service Charges)(Amendment)(England) Order 2008

These regulations amend the rules for calculating the inflation allowance to be added to the estimate of service charges payable in the initial period. The inflation allowance is now calculated by reference to the BERR Output Deflators for Direct Labour: Public Housing Repairs and Maintenance, published quarterly by the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform.

San Marino Estates Ltd v Peveral Om

“In default of any leaseholder applying to be joined or otherwise seeking to make representations to the Tribunal all remaining leaseholders will be bound by the decision of the Tribunal”. The final hearing dealt with all matters in dispute save for the recoverability of gas charges. The VLT concluded that it could not deal with that aspect on the limited evidence available and gave directions for further evidence in respect of that one matter. That further evidence showed that there had been some genu

Breach of covenant Re: 19 Snowdrop Street, Liverpool, L5 7RT

“within 28 days of any assignment, charge, underlease or sub-underlease or any transmission or other devolution of any interest in or relating to the Property to give notice to the Landlord of such deed or document or transmission or devolution and to pay the Landlord’s solicitor’s charges of £25.00 together with value added tax thereon for the registration of every such document.” The tenants were not the original parties to the lease. However, it was common ground that, upon the purchase of the leas

Bhambhani v Willowcourt Management Co (1985) Limited

She appealed – successfully – to the Lands Tribunal where it was held that the lease contemplated a default figure of £100 per annum, but which could be increased if a surveyor’s certificate was provided, as provided for under the lease. In any event, there was no time limit for the provision of the certificate and if one was obtained now then the default figure of £100 could be displaced. Analysis Two points clearly emerge from this decision. Firstly, landlords get themselves into needless difficulties w

Dartmouth Court Blackheath Ltd v Berisworth Ltd

The landlord transferred a caretakers office, electricity substation and a number of the garages to the defendant company. He then leased the airspace above the roof, the lightwell, the basement rooms and a small area at the rear to the property. The tenants contended that some or all of these transfers were caught by Part 1 of the 1987 Act and they should have been given first refusal. The High Court found for the tenants in part. One of the main purposes of Part 1 of the 1987 Act was to enable tenants t

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Case Law Editorial Team

Jonathan Upton
Managing Editor
Barrister, Serle Court
Justin Bates KC
Associate Editor
Barrister, Landmark Chambers

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